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Páll Bálkason
Páll, son of Bálki, or Paal Baalkeson, was a 13th-century Hebridean lord who was an ally of Olaf the Black, king of Mann and the Isles. He was long remembered in Gaelic tradition and is traditionally the progenitor of certain families with roots in the Hebrides. Páll is recorded as being a "sheriff" of Skye; a post which had earlier been held by another ''Páll, son of Bálki'', who was possibly an ancestor. This earlier sheriff was said to have been a close friend of Godred II, King of Mann and the Isles.
==Background==
Much of our knowledge of Páll comes from his appearances in the mediaeval ''Chronicle of Mann'' and later MacLeod tradition. Within the ''Chronicle of Mann'' he is named as ''Paul filius Boke'', and is titled as a ''vicecomes'' of Skye. This title has usually been translated into English as "sheriff", since it is the regular form of "sheriff" in later times in Scotland. According to W.D.H. Sellar, it is more likely that ''vicecomes'' refers to a Norse title, such as ''syslumadh'' or ''armadhr'' (Gaelic: ''armann''). His title appears to show that he was the official representative of the kings of Man on Skye. In later Gaelic tradition, Páll is portrayed as a "hermit"; it has been suggested that this description may actually refer to this Norse title.
The post of "sheriff" had at one time been earlier been held by another ''Páll, son of Bálki'' who was possibly an ancestor of Páll. This earlier sheriff was said to have been a close friend of Godred II of Mann and the Isles. The early 20th-century historian W.C. Mackenzie related how Somerled had his sights set on becoming king in the Hebrides; his own son, Dugald, was paraded through the Hebrides, proclaimed king, with the local chieftains called upon to support his claim. Most of the chieftains, however, refused to give their support—one of whom was Páll's predecessor, ''Páll, son of Bálki''. Upon refusing to swear his allegiance to Dugald, this Páll, son of Bálki fled to the Isle of Mann, where he alerted the king of Somerled's treachery. Godred II immediately sent a fleet to the Hebrides to crush the insurrection; however, Somerled was waiting for him and the opposing fleets might in battle. Both sides fought into the night; by morning Godred II and Somerled agreed to a truce and agreed to divided the Hebrides between them. Somerled retained the islands south of Ardnamurchan and Godred II retained those to the north. Mackenzie stated that this treaty dates to the year 1156 and marks the date on which the South Isles passed permanently from the dominion of the Kings of Mann.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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